Ubuntu 18.04 設定靜態 IP

markdown 設定 Ubuntu 18.04 靜態 IP 先要查出網卡的名稱

if config -a

查出來的結果： ```text docker0: flags=4099 mtu 1500 inet 172.17.0.1 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 172.17.255.255 ether 02:42:54:82:ea:09 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet) RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 eth0: flags=4163 mtu 1500 inet 192.168.88.88 netmask 255.255.240.0 broadcast 192.168.95.255 inet6 fe80::215:5dff:fe58:7316 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20 ether 00:15:5d:58:73:16 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 609415 bytes 783165377 (783.1 MB) RX errors 0 dropped 3521 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 94741 bytes 7497987 (7.4 MB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 lo: flags=73 mtu 65536 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0 inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10 loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback) RX packets 170 bytes 13177 (13.1 KB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 170 bytes 13177 (13.1 KB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 ``` 在我的環境中能看到三個網路介面卡，docker0 是安裝 docker 產生的虛擬交換器，是要給docker的容器使用的。lo 是 loop back 的介面卡。這邊實際要設定的網路卡名稱是 eth0。 如果在 /etc/netplan/ 路徑中沒有設定檔，那可能你安裝系統時就沒有網路卡，所以 ubuntu 沒有自動產生。那就要自己用 `sudo netplan generate` 指令產生一個設定檔。

sudo netplan generate

我的環境在安裝時就已經有一個檔案`50-cloud-init.yaml`，所以直接編輯。原始內容如下：

cat /etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml

# This file is generated from information provided by
# the datasource.  Changes to it will not persist across an instance.
# To disable cloud-init's network configuration capabilities, write a file
# /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg.d/99-disable-network-config.cfg with the following:
# network: {config: disabled}
network:
    ethernets:
        eth0:
            dhcp4: true
    version: 2

這裡我透過編輯器將內容修改如下： ``` # This file is generated from information provided by # the datasource. Changes to it will not persist across an instance. # To disable cloud-init's network configuration capabilities, write a file # /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg.d/99-disable-network-config.cfg with the following: # network: {config: disabled} network: ethernets: eth0: dhcp4: no addresses: [192.168.88.88/24] gateway4: 192.168.88.254 nameservers: addresses: [168.95.1.1, 8.8.8.8] version: 2 ``` * eth0: 網路介面卡名稱 * dhcp4 或 dhcp6: dhcp 設定，各別是 IPv4 或 IPv6。yes|no * addresses: 靜態IP設定 * gateway4: IPv4 的網路閘道 * nameservers: 域名解析伺服器 設定完後後要將設定套用

sudo netplan apply